Very Short Answer Type Question
1. How is height of land and the character of vegetation related with each other? [V. Imp.]
Answer: With the change in height the climate changes and that changes natural vegetation.
2. Where are shrubs found?
Answer: Shrubs are found in the dry regions.
3. Why do trees of tropical evergreen forests not shed their leaves altogether?
Answer: It is because there is no particular dry season.
4. What is the special feature of tropical evergreen forests? [V. imp.]
Answer: Thick canopies of the closely spaced trees are found here. As a result sunlight do not reach inside the forest.
5. Name the trees found in the tropical deciduous forests.
Answer: Sal, teak, neem and shisham.
6. Where are temperate evergreen forests located?
Answer: These forests are located in the mid-latitudinal coastal region.
7. Why are only citrus fruits cultivated in mediterranean regions? [V. Imp.]
Answer: It is because people have removed the natural vegetation in order to cultivate citrus fruits.
8. Mention one special feature of coniferous forests.
Answer: These forests have tall and softwood evergreen trees.
9. Name the animals found, in the coniferous forests.
Answer: Silver fox, mink and polar bear.
10. Name the animals found in tropical grasslands. ,
Answer: Elephants, zebras, giraffes, dear and leopards.
11. Where are Savannah grasslands found?
Answer: They are found in East Africa.
12. Where are Llanos grasslands found?
Answer: They are found in Venezuela.
13. Which type of grassland Prairie is?
Answer: Prairie is temperate grassland.
14. Where are tropical deserts located?
Answer: They are located on the western margins of the continents.
15. Name some animals found in polar regions.
Answer: Seal, walruses, musk-oxen, Arctic owl, polar bear and snow foxes.
16. Mention the features of Mediterranean trees.
Answer: These trees adapt themselves to dry summers with the help of their thick barks and wax coated leaves which help them reduce transportation.
Short Answer Type Questions
1: The different parts of the world have diversity in climate. Why?
Answer: Due to irregular distribution of land water on the surface, sensitive envelope of gas and different angles at which the rays of the sun reach the earth are the responsible factors of the world’s diversity of climate.
2: Name different type of natural forest?
Answer: Different type of natural forest is
- Tropical evergreen forest
- Tropical deciduous forest
- Temperate evergreen forest
- Temperate deciduous forest
- Mediterranean vegetation
- Coniferous forest
3: Give the location of equatorial rain forest region.
Answer: The equatorial rain forest regions as the name indicates are found near the equator between 0 to 10 degree north and south of the equator. It lies in three continents of Asia, Africa and South America.
4: Why are the equatorial forest considered as the lungs of the world?
Answer: They absorb the large amount of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and exhale a huge amount of oxygen. Hence they are known as Lungs of the world.
5: What is tropical deciduous forest?
Answer: These forests are the monsoon forest found in the large part of India, Northern Australia and in Central America. These regions experience seasonal changes. Trees shed their leaves in the dry season to conserve water.
6: Name the hardware trees commonly found in tropical deciduous forest?
Answer: Sal, teek, neem and shisham are the hardwood trees found in tropical deciduous forest.
7: Discuss the location of temperate evergreen forest?
Answer: The temperate evergreen forests are found in mid latitudinal coastal region. They are commonly found along the eastern part margin of the continents, e.g. in south East Brazil.
8: What do you know about the tropical grassland?
Answer: Tropical grassland occurs on either side of the equator and extends till the tropics. This vegetation grows in the areas of moderate to low amount of rainfall. The grass can grow about 3 to 4 metres in height. Savanna grassland of Africa is of this type.
9: What does taiga means in the Russian language?
Answer: Taiga means pure or untouched in the Russian language.
10: Give the location of coniferous forest.
Answer: The coniferous are found in the higher altitudes of 50 to 70 degree northern hemisphere. These forests are also seen in the higher altitudes.
11: Where are the thorny bushes found?
Answer: These are found in the in the dry desert like region. Tropical desert are located on the western margin of the continents. The vegetation cover is scarce here because of scanty rain and searching heat.
12: In which part of continent is tropical grassland is found?
Answer: Tropical grass land is found in-
- West African Sudan and its caved southward extension into east Africa and South Africa.
- The Llanos of the Orinoco basin.
- The Campos of Brazilian highlands.
- Part of Australia on both side of the tropic of Capricorn.
Long Answer Type Questions
1: Equatorial forest is not commercially so important. Why?
Answer: Humans are the one of the major part of natural environment. We have not yet learnt to moderate our activities in such a way to help the environment. Some of the major impact of human include polluting land, freshwater, river, seas, ocean etc. deforestation also led to destruction of habitats of flora & fauna species. Increase desertification of land, altering natural waterways which can increase the risk of flooding. Increased erosion of land as a result of mining or agricultural activities. Mining activity contribute to instability in the earth crust.
2. Mention the major features of tropical evergreen forests. [V. Imp.]
Answer: Major features of tropical evergreen forests are:
- These forests are so dense that thick canopies are developed which do not allow the sunlight to penetrate inside the forest.
- As there is no particular dry season, the trees do not shed their leaves altogether. This keeps the forest evergreen.
- Hardwood trees such as rosewood, ebony and mahogany are found here.
3. Write a short note tropical grasslands. [V. Imp.]
Answer: Tropical grasslands occur on either side of the equator and extend till the tropics. This vegetation grows in the areas of moderate to low amount of rainfall. The grass can grow very tall, about 3 to 4 metres in height. Savannah grasslands of Africa are of this type. Common animals found here are elephants, zebras, giraffes, deer and leopards.
4. Give cm account of the natural vegetation and wildlife found in the polar regions.
Answer: Polar regions are extremely cold. Therefore the growth of natural vegetation is very limited here. Only mosses, lichens and very small shrubs are found here. They grow during the very short summer. This is called Tundra type of vegetation. This vegetation is found in the polar areas of Europe, Asia and North America. The animals found here have thick fur and thick skin which protect them from the cold climatic conditions. Seal, walruses, musk-oxen, Arctic owl, Polar bear and snow foxes are some of the animals found in these regions.
5. Discuss various types of forests. [V. Imp.]
Answer: Types of forests:
- Tropical evergreen forests
- Tropical deciduous forests
- Temperate evergreen forests
- Temperate deciduous forests
- Mediterranean vegetation
- Coniferous forests
Tropical evergreen forests. These forests are very dense and found in the regions near the equator and close to the tropics. These regions receive heavy rain throughout the year. The trees of these forests do not shed their leaves altogether and therefore they remain green all the time. Hardwood trees like rosewood, ebony and mahogany are found here.
Tropical deciduous forests. These forests are found in the regions which experience seasonal changes. Trees shed their leaves in the dry season to conserve water. The hardwood trees like sal, teak, neem and shisham are found here. Animals like tigers, lions, elephants, langoors and monkeys are common in these forests.
Temperate evergreen forests. These forests are commonly found along the eastern margin of the continents. They comprise both hard and softwood trees. For example, oak, pine, eucalyptus etc.
Temperate deciduous forests. Trees of these forests shed their leaves in dry ‘season’. Oak, ash, beech, etc. are common trees here. Deer, foxes, wolves, etc. are common animals in these forests.
Mediterranean vegetation. It is mostly found in the areas around the Mediterranean sea in Europe, Africa and Asia. Citrus fruits like oranges, figs, olives and grapes are commonly cultivated in the mediterranean regions.
Coniferous forests. They are also called Taiga. They are tall, softwood evergreen trees. Chir, pine, cedar are important variety of trees in these forests. Silver, fox, mink, polar bear are the common animals found here.
6. Describe different types of grasslands. [V. Imp.]
Answer: Different types of grasslands are:
- Tropical grasslands
- Temperate grasslands
- Thorny bushes
Tropical grasslands: This type of vegetation grows in the areas of moderate to low amount of rainfall. The grass here can grow very tall, about 3 to 4 metres in height. Savannah grasslands of Africa are of this type. Common animals found here are elephants, zebras, giraffes, deer, leopards etc.
Temperate grasslands: This type of vegetation is found in the mid-latitudinal zones and in the interior part of the continents. Grass here is usually short and nutritious. Common animals found in this region are wild buffaloes, bisons, antitopes etc.
Thorny bushes: These are found in the dry desert like regions. Tropical deserts are located on the western margins of the continents, which are characterised by searce vegetation.
Vegetation in the polar regions is also limited. Only mosses, lichens and very small shrubs are found here. It grows during the very short summer. This is called Tundra type of vegetation. Polar animals have thick fur and thick skin which protect them from the cold climate conditions, for example, seal, walruses, musk-oxen, Arctic owl, etc.
