Meaning of Right :-
A right is a demand made by a person, which, keeping in mind the public welfare, is accepted by the society and recognized by the state, then that demand becomes a right. Without getting acceptance in the society, demand cannot take the form of authority.
️ Worldwide Declaration of Human Rights :-
Citizens of all countries of the world have not yet got full rights. In this direction, on 10 December 1948, the General Assembly of the United Nations adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and implemented it.
Human Rights Day – 10 December
️ Why rights are necessary?
For the protection of liberty and dignity of the individual.
To run a democratic government smoothly.
To develop the talent and potential of the individual.
For all round development of the individual.
A person without authority is like a bird in a closed cage.
️ Origin of rights :-
Theory of Natural Rights – Life, Liberty and Property – Natural Rights (17th and 18th century)
In the modern era: - Natural rights, unacceptable human rights, important from the point of view of social welfare
️ Types of Rights :-
Natural Rights: - Natural Rights: - Rights received at birth, life, liberty and property
Moral rights: - Rights related to moral feelings of a person, serving parents, courteous behavior, true character, sense of respect
Legal Rights :- Those which have been given legal recognition by the state.
like :-
Fundamental rights: -
Freedom
equality
Right to constitutional remedies
Right against exploitation
Right to religious freedom
Cultural and Educational Rights
Political rights: -
Right to vote.
Right to be elected.
Right to hold government office.
Civil Rights: -
Freedom to move anywhere in the country.
Freedom of expression.
Economic surtax: -
Right to work.
Right to buy property.
️ Claims of Rights :-
Universal rights
Right to Education
Freedom of expression
️ Some activities, which cannot be considered as rights:-
Those activities which are injurious to the health and welfare of the society.
like:-
1. Smoking
2. Consumption of narcotic or banned drugs
️ Rights and State :-
The creation of the only state.
No right exists unless it is recognized by the state.
The state also makes the rights powerful and also prevents them from being misused.
Responsibility of the states to protect the rights.
️ How to be empowered and powerful?
The constitution should be written.
Independent judiciary, protector of rights.
Federal government and division of powers.
Free Press.
Public awareness.
The state has no interference in the internal affairs of the citizens.
If the state secures the rights, then it also gets the right to prevent the misuse of rights, therefore fundamental duties have also been described in Article 19 (2) of the Constitution.
️ Rights and Duties :-
Rights and duties are like two sides of the coin. One aspect is right and the other aspect is duty. In return for the rights we get in the society, we have to pay some debt. These debts are our duty.
️ Duty :-
Duty is derived from the word duty of English, which means that the debt state gives many rights to the citizens, this right is a kind of debt on the citizen, to repay it, the citizens perform the duties of human rights to other human beings. It is a duty to recognize by.
️ TYPES OF DUTIES :-
Moral Duty
Duty to keep your surroundings clean.
Proper education to children.
To serve parents and elders.
Following social rules.
Fulfilling the needs of the family.
Legal Duty
To respect the constitution.
To respect the national flag and the national anthem.
Maintaining law and order.
Do it regularly.
Protection of national assets.
To maintain the unity and integrity and security of the country.
To protect the country.
Wise use of natural resources.
Protecting the ozone layer.
Duties and Rights are two sides of the same coin :-
Close relation of rights and duties Rights cannot fulfill the personality of the individual unless the individual performs his duty towards the society. Duty is an obligation that gives freedom to others to exercise their rights.
️ Some new human rights :-
List of new human rights to emerge as new threats and challenges in the country.
Right to clean air, safe drinking water and sustainable development.
Claim of Right to Information.
Right to safety of women.
Arrangement of toilets for the weaker sections of the society.
Right of children to food, protection education.
Conditions necessary for decent living.
️ Cost of Human Rights :-
Continuous awareness of man.
No person can be arrested arbitrarily. Reasonable cause for arrest is necessary.
Harassment is not justified to get the confession of offense from the offender.
It is necessary for the citizen to be alert, keep his eyes open, always be aware to protect his rights and freedoms.
️ Claims :-
Claims are actually the demands of the individual, which are justified in the moral or social aspect, which the society accepts.
Not every demand of a person can be a claim.
Only that demand is given the status of right, the demand is accepted and implemented by the state.
️ Difference between right and claim :-
Not all bets are rights but all rights are claims.
Rights are claims which are recognized by the state, all claims are recognized by the state.
Claims - Not guaranteed by the constitution of the state. Fundamental rights by the constitution of the state.
