International Labor Organization (ILO)
- In the year 2019, the International Labor Organization and ILO celebrated its 100th anniversary.
- It is the only tripartite body of the United Nations. It brings together the governments, employers and workers of 187 member countries to set labor standards, develop policies, and develop programs that promote decent work for all women and men.
- It was established in the year 1919 as an affiliated agency of the League of Nations by the Treaty of Versailles.
- In 1946, it became the first specialized agency affiliated with the United Nations.
- Headquarters: Geneva, Switzerland
- Objective of establishment: Social justice is essential for global and lasting peace.
Important facts to know:-
- Promotes internationally recognized human rights and labor rights.
- In 1969, the International Labor Organization was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for the following works-
- To establish peace between different social classes.
- Advocate for decent work and justice for the workers.
- Providing technical assistance to other developing countries.
- International Labor Organization played an important role in the following areas-
- Ensuring labor rights during the Great Depression.
- De-colonialization process.
- Establishment of Solidarity (trade organization) in Poland.
- Victory over apartheid in South Africa.
- At present it is providing necessary assistance in building an ethical and beneficial framework for a just globalization.
Structure of International Labor Organization:-
The International Labor Organization (ILO) carries out its work through the three main bodies governments, employers and workers' representatives .
1. International Labor Convention:- It sets the international labor standards and broad policies of International Labor Organization (ILO). It is held annually in Geneva. It is often referred to as the International Labor Parliament.
- It is also a major forum for discussion on social and labor related questions.
2. Governing Body:- It is the executive council of the International Labor Organization (ILO). Its three meetings are held annually in Geneva.
- It determines policy decisions and schedules and budgets of the International Labor Organization (ILO), which are then presented to the 'Conference for Adoption' for approval.
- The functions of the Governing Body and the Office of the Labor Organization are assisted by tripartite committees that cover major industries.
- It is also supported by committees of experts on matters such as vocational training, management development, occupational safety and health, industrial relations, labor education and special problems of women and young workers.
3. International Labor Office:- It is the permanent secretariat of the International Labor Organization.
- It is the focal point for the entire activities of the International Labor Organization (ILO), which is prepared by the Governing Body, reviewed and headed by the Director-General.
- From time to time, regional meetings of International Labor Organization (ILO) member states are organized for the respective areas to examine matters of special interest.
Functions of International Labor Organization:-
- To formulate coordinated policies and programs directed to solve social and labor issues.
- To regulate the adoption and implementation of international labor standards in the form of conventions.
- To assist member states in solving social and labor problems.
- To protect human rights (right to work, freedom of association, collective dialogue, protection from forced labor, protection from discrimination, etc.).
- To research and publish works on social and labor issues.
Objectives of International Labor Organization:-
- Promoting standards of work and fundamental principles and rights and bringing them to the real ground.
- To create more and more employment opportunities for women and men to ensure decent work.
- To provide social security for all and to increase the effectiveness of social security programmes.
- To strengthen tripartite and social dialogue.
Functions of India and International Labor Organization:-
- India is a founding member of the International Labor Organization (ILO) and has been a permanent member of the governing body of the International Labor Organization (ILO) since 1922. is a member.
- The first office of the International Labor Organization (ILO) in India was established in the year 1928. Mutual trust and respect between the International Labor Organization (ILO) and its partners is established as its underlying principles. This is the basis for continuing to build institutional capacities and strengthen the capabilities of the partners.
